United States of America

the National feast of the USA - Independence Day - is noted 4  July, in memory of that day when in 1776 in Philadelphia the Second continental congress has intoned independence of England the merged American colonys which have gained the name the United States of America. The congress has accepted the Declaration of independence intoning equality of people, their right to life, freedom and tendency fortunately. Thomas Jefferson, the follower of the English philosophers and the French educators was the author of this declaration. The statue of Freedom installed in 1886 on a rocky islet at an entry in the New York fake, in its left arm the Declaration text, and in right - a torch, lighting to immigrants their difficult road on continent became an embodiment of ideals of the Declaration and an original symbol of the USA.

The United States of America - federal republic into which composition enter 50  the states having a certain autonomy, and metropolitan federal district of Columbia. 48  states place compactly, 2 - separately: Alaska (the staff status has gained in 1958) and the Hawaiian Islands (the staff status have gained in 1959). Besides, the USA belong island Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands in Caribbean sea, Eastern Samoa, island Guam and islands of Micronesia (the ward United Nations terrain) in Pacific ocean and Pacific Wake islands and Miduej, riged for test of rockets.

The Symbol of administrative-territorial frame of the country the Star-Spangled Banner of the USA on which 13 red-white strips mark out thirteen states ministers, pristinely merged and created in 1776 the United States of America, and number of spiders on a dark blue field of a panel matches to number of states of the country.

According to the constitution the head of the state, to an executive power and commanders-in-chief armed forces of the USA is the president selected for four years. Presidential elections descend in an abundant year: at first on states electors who then on the first Monday after the first Tuesday of November choose under the uniform list of the president and the vice-president are selected. The first US president had been selected George Vashington heading the country during two presidential terms (1789-1797). Subsequently his name had been named the capital USA builted in federal district of Columbia - Washington.

The Maximum legislature of the country - the Congress - consists of two chambers. The House of Representatives is selected for two years election by direct vote from the population of states. The senate consists of representatives of states (on two from each staff), selected on six years.

Owing to that the pristine nucleus of the modern population of the USA was compounded by natives from British isles, the English tongue became common tongue of Americans. However the official status of tongue on which official clerical work is conducted, it has gained only in 23  states. The others 27 yet have not made of such solution, being based by that restrictions in sphere of use of various tongues can injure to democracy ideals. Meanwhile in practice in places of compact residing of the big bunches of immigrants teaching at schools is conducted not only in English, but also on many other things tongues, as it is possible to consider as genuine democracy expression.