Pakistan

Islamic Republic Pakistan - the state in Southern Asia. In the west bounds on Iran, in the northwest - with Afghanistan , in the northeast and the east - with India , in the south it is flowed about by Arabian sea. The square - 796 thousand sq. km. The population - 130  million persons. Official languages - urdu and English (60  population % speaks in tongue pandzhabi, 16 % - on pushtu, 12 % - on sindhi). Capital - Islamabad.

On character of a landform in terrain of Pakistan two large ranges - Indsky plain and the mountain educations belonging to Gindukushsky system and plateau of Iran deposit. The basic lines of natural landscapes were generated under the influence an arid climate, and not only on flat Indsky plain, but also in the field of the powerful mountain chains which have been drawn through northward from plain through all Pakistan. In a plant cover drought-resistant aspects predominate, high mauntains are dressed by snow caps, and only in the northeast among the mountain ridges intercepting a monsoonal moisture, dense conifers and broad-leaved forests grow.

At cities of Pakistan bunks about 30 % of the population. The largest cities - Islamabad (259  thousand inhabitants), Lahore, Rawalpindi, Hyderabad, Karachi, Peshawar. All of them, as a rule, have certain general lines. In them there is the traditional east city originated of many centuries back and surrounded with a wall with gate. Very narrow streets, usually without sidewalks, are filled in by pedestrians, bicyclists, vehicles. Life concentrates round the pulverulent market formed by numberless small shops. Central, hardly recondensed quarters combine inhabited, administrative, cultural, business and other functions. Out of urban walls in large cities in the colonial season have originated kantonmenty - quarters with barracks of military units under which protection the English colonial administration took places, and also buildings of large European trading houses. Later in kantonmentah the aboriginal nobility has lodged. Capital Islamabad - a youngish city (till 1959 the city of Karachi was capital), planirovochnoe which solution developed known Greek architect A.Doksiadisom. Islamabad switches on lines both a modern European city, and elements of traditional Pakistan architecture.