Niger

Niger - the largest state of the Western Africa (the square 1267  sq. km), in the remote past - one of the largest nucleation sites for of the African crop, a part of the ancient states of Africa with VII till XVIII centuries. From the XX-th century beginning - possession of France, since 1960 - an independent state. An official language - French.

The country Bulk is had in the largest desert of the world to Sahara and represents the levelled down plateau in altitude 200-500  m above sea level with towering in the central part ostantsovym a plateau the Sweetflag (from 700-800  m in the western part to 1900  m in the middle). In the east of a plateau abruptly terminates to huge sand desert Tenere (terrain of the country occupying almost a third). In the middle deserts Tenere predominate the mobile dunes almost deprived of vegetation, and in a southern part - the dunes fixed by plants in length to 15-20  km. The most northern part of Niger on boundary line with Algeria and Libya is occupied by high petrous deserted plateaus; in the south the plateau combined by loams and sandstones is stretched. The special natural region is formed most favourable for life by a river Niger valley in the country southwest.

Niger - one of the tropical countries of the world. Three quarters of its terrain are occupied by range of tropical deserts where annual deposits compound less 100  the mm, and monthly average temperatures exceed 30  °C. To the south from desert region with a precipitation to 600 lays sahelskaja; mm though droughts are here again usual. Only in the extreme southwest of the country of deposits it is a little bit more - 750  mm a year (fall out mainly in July and August). The most characteristic line of a climate - sharp daily differences of temperatures: can be all 13 in the morning; °C, and after some hours air gets warm to 30  °C.

The Vegetation is poor and furthermore is hardly converted by the person: in sahelskoj to region places saved sections of herbaceous savannahs with separate bunches of arbours (a Senegalese acacia, gao). From large animals there are not numerous giraffes, lions, the antelopes, two large flocks of elephants. In southern regions wild boars and borodavochniki are usual enough.

Ethnic composition of the population (nearby 8,5  million persons) is combined: more than halfs compound a house - the farmers living along boundary line with Nigeria in the south of the country. The West is occupied by the people of language bunch songaj. To other economic phylum the occupying north and the country northwest tuaregi, and also fulbe, occupied with nomadic cattle breeding belong. The population overwhelming majority practises Islam.

Niamey not only capital, but also the major industrial, transport and cultural centre. Here the university, other educational institutions is had. It is necessary to notice, that for inhabitants of cities of Niger the nationalism board, in relation to visitors to Europeans is characteristic.