Mozambique

Mozambique is had in the southeast of the African continent, from the east and the southeast is flowed about by Mozambique channel of Indian ocean. The square - 802  thousand sq. km. Till 1975 Mozambique was colony of Portugal. An official language - Portuguese.

Almost half of country is occupied with the Mozambiquean lowland attaining in the south of width 400  km, and in the north converging to several tens kilometres. The plain Slabovsholmlennaja of the hollow is lifted on the West to 350-400  m above sea level. In the north there is plateau Njasa (average altitudes 500-1000  the m, but separate apexes are lifted to 2000, terminating to the loch with the same name; in the west and the country northwest - crystal plateaus Mozambique, Angoni, Motabeli with a climate - mount Binga (2436 ). In the southwest, at boundary line from the republic of South Africa, vulcanic mounts Lebombo rise. On terrain of Mozambique the large rivers Zambezis and Limpopo and assemblage of smaller rivers (Lurio, Savi, Ligonja, etc.), abounding with thresholds and cataracts within a mountain part proceed. The Northwest part of the country is coast of giant boundary loch Njasa, on boundary line from Malawi is had also loches Chilva.

The Climate of the north of the country is close to the equatorial: temperatures all year long high (25-28  °C), deposits falls out 1300-1500  mm a year. To the south the climate varies on tropical passatnyj: mid-annual temperatures decrease to 20-22  °C, too it is less than deposits - 500-1000  mm a year. The wet season proceeds from November till April-May. On north plateaus light forests - light tropical woods miombo, on high sections - mountain forests in which meet mlandzhijsky a cedar and podokarpus are passed round. To the south from the river Zambezi tall-grass savannahs with the isolated bunches of acacias and baobabs, in southern Mozambique - the vegetation named mopaniveld predominate: shirokolistvennye arbours mopani, acacias, other undersized arbours form lesosavannu, dumping leafage during a dry season. In river valleys the wet gallery forests intertwined with lianas, coast-wise - wood mangrove family were saved. Large mammals - elephants, river horses, kafrskie water buffaloes and other hoofed animals, lions, white rhinoceroses were saved mainly in national parks, largest of them - Gorongoza, Marrumeu, Maputo.

Almost all population of Mozambique (more 15,2  million persons) - the people speaking in tongues of bunch to a bow: makua, tsonga, malavi, makonde and others. The majority of inhabitants (80 %) the others adhere aboriginal animisticheskih to cults, - christians-Catholics and Moslems. In Mozambique discriminate four economic-cultural phylums. Agency suahilijskoj the crops, affected Islam is coast-wise saved. The population here is occupied by tropical farming agriculture in a combination to fishery and handcrafts - stamping on silver, weaving, items from shells. The people makua, jao and malavi, tested Islam agency, have saved ancient African traditions and are occupied by a shifting cultivation and cattle breeding (handcrafts are educed poorly). At makonde rather original way was generated: farming agriculture combines with hunting and beekeeping, woodcarving (small sculptures are well-known) is educed. The dances executed in ritual masks are original. Other people have tested too strong agency of different waves of colonisation and have almost lost initial crop.

The country Maputo Capital has grown the Portuguese fort at-sight mortgaged in 1781, but ancient buildings was not saved almost. Other large cities - Beira, Nampula, the Aunt, Lishinga, Inhambane.