Islamic Republic of Iran

Islamic Republic Iran (till 1935 the official name Persia) - one of the largest states of Southwest Asia (the square 1,65  million sq. km). In the north Iran is flowed about by waters of Caspian sea, in the south - the Persian and Omansky gulfs. Bounds with Turkey (in the northwest), Afghanistan and Pakistan (in the east), Iraq (in the west), and also on the countries of the former USSR - Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan (in the north). Capital - Teheran (7  million inhabitants). The country population - 60,8  million persons.

Iran occupies the bulk of plateau of Iran which represents an interleaving of high plains, mountain chains and intermountain hollows. Vile plains border on to shores of Caspian sea, the Persian and Omansky gulfs.

On bolshej parts of the country a climate continental, at coast of Caspian sea - subtropical, at coast of Omansky and Persian gulfs - tropical, with a minute quantity of deposits and a high hothouse atmospheric humidity. On plateau of Iran the rainfaill does not exceed 100-200  the mm a year, in some deserted intrinsic regions of deposits does not happen on neskolku years successively.

The Environment allows to cultivate the most various crops - rice, tea, date and banana palm trees, pistachios, citrus, etc.

The Basis of economic development of the country oil and gas resources and educing mineral industry minister.

Iran, along with Afghanistan, belongs to number of the multinational states of Southwest Asia. Here bunks more than 60 people, ethnic groups and the nations belonging mainly to the Iranian bunch indoevropejskoj of language monogynopaedium (75 %) and to Turkic bunch of the Altay language monogynopaedium (from above 20 %). The basic ethnic generality - persians - compounds the urban population bulk, and also occupy the basic areal of moving in the central and southern parts of the country. Northward live ethnically close to them giljantsy, mazenderantsy, talyshi, to the West - Kurds, lury, bahtiary, to the east - Afghans, beludzhi, Tadjiks. The second-large ethnic generality - Azerbaijanians - occupies a northwest part of the country.

Capital of Iran the Teheran which has been had on extensive foothill plain, at bottom of a lost volcano Elbrus, - the large transport site, the industrial and cultural centre. From architectural places of interest of capital the Golestansky palace, mosque Sepah-salar, buildings medzhlisa and the senate are worthy.

Other large cities of the country: Isfahan, Shiraz, Tabriz, Urmia, Abadan, Khorramabad, Kerman, Meshed.