Botswana

Botswana - the country in the south of Africa the square 581,7  thousand sq. km. Is a part of British Commonwealth. Official languages - English and setsvana.

The country Bulk is occupied by an extensive dint of Kalahari desert with altitudes 800-1000  m above sea level, bordered from different directions a plateau. The rivers southern and central Kalahari annually dry up, except boundary Limpopo from the republic of South Africa. The river Okavango which below thresholds of the Priest is divided into some sleeves forming huge - almost 40 thousand sq. km - boggy region. One of sleeves reaches salty loch Ngami, other, cutting a deep canyon directs to the east and runs in shoal and hardly boggy loch Makgadikgadi practically disappearing during a dry season. In some places of water of the river Okavango leak underground, appearing on a surface in hundreds kilometres from a disappearrance place. A north climate - tropical, with an annual precipitation 700  mm, in the south - subtropical (less 250  mm of deposits a year). Average temperature of January - 25  °C, July - 16  °C. Daily differences of temperatures are very great and in the south there are night frosts.

Basic part Kalahari is opustynennaja the savannah which is burning out in the dry season. There, where on a surface there are underwaters, the savannah with mimozovymi acacias and several aspects of an aloe is formed kustarnikovaja. Many pumpkin plants, among them - a colocynth with bitter and rough fruits magnitude about egg. In the north there are sections of savannah with baobabs and arbour groves meruly which fruits mature time in three-four years when summer especially hot. Juice in fruits starts to rove, and dead-ripe fruit represents as though the pot with wine. These overfermented fruits like not only people, but also the elephants arranging feasts lasting many days. On shores of inflows of Zambezi small sections galerejnyh tropical woods were saved, and swampy sections of the river Okavango and loch Makgadikgadi are covered by reedbeds and the papyrus. The rich fauna of the country (elephants, zebras, giraffes, water buffaloes, antelopes, lions, river horses, ostriches and many other things) is guarded in national parks and reservations (Central-Kalahari, Kalahari-Hemsbok, CHobe, etc.).

The Majority of the population of the country (nearby 1,4  million persons) compound tsvany language bunch to a bow, in the heart of Kalahari desert dwell bushmeny. Tsvany - the skilful handicraftsmen producing beautiful wood and ceramic ware, rugs from skins, wattled mats. Bushmeny till now have saved ancient traditional crop of hunters and collectors. Capital and the largest city of the country - Gaborone. Last decades there was a number of the industrial cities bound mainly with extraction of diamonds and ores of non-ferrous metals.