Geography of Bulgaria

Bulgaria - rather small state on the square (111  thousand km²), had in the south of Europe, in the northeast of Balkan peninsula. It is flowed about by waters of Black sea, bounds with Romania, Yugoslavia, Macedonia, Greece, Turkey.

Despite small sizes Bulgaria differs a diversity of an environment, thanks to a mountain landform and a bayshore rule of the country. Flat for farming agriculture flat and hilly spaces with fertile soils alternate with srednevysotnymi the mounts largely coated with woods and pratums. By mounts it is occupied about 1/3 countries, however it 2/3 lays at altitude more low 500  the m over sea levels, that in the conditions of Southeast Europe matches to the belt most convenient for farming agriculture. SHirotnoj an axis of Bulgaria the range Stara Planina (Balkan mountains) attaining 2000  ministers; altitude m in the west and gradually downgraded to 600-800  m in the east.

Mounts divide terrain of Bulgaria on two parts: northern which in the core occupies almost woodless and hardly ploughed up Danube plain, and southern, more mountainous in which the Verhnefrakijsky lowland is wedged in. In two places hills Stara Planina rassechen deep valleys of the rivers Iskyr and Kamchija, forming picturesque gorges. Is especially majestic and beautifully knocking with a diversity of arabesque rocky sculptures Iskyrsky gorge on which through numerous bridges and tunnels the track from Northern Bulgaria in the Sofia hollow is laid. In a main ridge of Balkan mountains there is a number of convenient passes. The historical Shipkinsky pass is most known. Less high ridge borders on to an average part of Stara Planina from the south Is old-mountain, to the south of which the extensive Verhnefrakijsky lowland recut by the rivers of basin of Maritsa is stretched.

Most gorista a southwest part of Bulgaria where the hills are had Rila Planina-Rodopsky. Its composition includes the highest mounts and ridges of Bulgaria - Rila Planina (a mount Musala - 2925  m - a climate of Balkan peninsula), Pirin and Rhodope. A diversity of a landform the Rodopsky mounts which western spurs of a mountain are higher and lesisty especially deposit, and east - are almost deprived a sylva. The special geographical province of Bulgaria is represented by the Black Sea coast which has been drawn through almost on 380  km, mostly cavicorn, with perfect sandy beaches in width 100  m and more.